Branford patch

Fighting Game Anniversaries: Week 49 (December 12 - December 18)

2022.12.13 02:27 fganniversaries Fighting Game Anniversaries: Week 49 (December 12 - December 18)

Hey yall this is fganniversaries again. Like last week, I will be recapping anniversaries relating to fighting game announcements/releases this week . Like always, if I missed one, do please let me know in the comments. Here would be the following anniversaries:
December 12
December 13
December 14
December 15
December 16
December 17
December 18
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2022.12.13 02:27 fganniversaries Fighting Game Anniversaries: Week 49 (December 12 - December 18)

Hey yall this is fganniversaries again. Like last week, I will be recapping anniversaries relating to fighting game announcements/releases this week . Like always, if I missed one, do please let me know in the comments. Here would be the following anniversaries:
December 12
December 13
December 14
December 15
December 16
December 17
December 18
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2022.12.13 02:26 fganniversaries Fighting Game Anniversaries: Week 49 (December 12 - December 18)

Hey yall this is fganniversaries again. Like last week, I will be recapping anniversaries relating to fighting game announcements/releases this week . Like always, if I missed one, do please let me know in the comments. Here would be the following anniversaries:
December 12
December 13
December 14
December 15
December 16
December 17
December 18
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2022.11.16 00:17 fganniversaries Fighting Game Anniversaries: Week 45 (November 14 - November 20)

Hey yall this is fganniversaries again. Apologies for not posting last week, there was some personal endeavors I had to do. As usual, I will be recapping anniversaries relating to fighting game announcements/releases this week (I would add last week alongside here but it exceeds Reddit's character count). Like always, if I missed one, do please let me know in the comments. Here would be the following anniversaries:
November 14
November 15
November 16
November 17
November 18
November 19
November 20
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2022.11.16 00:17 fganniversaries Fighting Game Anniversaries: Week 45 (November 14 - November 20) + November 7 - November 13

Hey yall this is fganniversaries again. Apologies for not posting last week, there was some personal endeavors I had to do. As usual, I will be recapping anniversaries relating to fighting game announcements/releases this week (I would add last week alongside here but it exceeds Reddit's character count). Like always, if I missed one, do please let me know in the comments. Here would be the following anniversaries:
November 14
November 15
November 16
November 17
November 18
November 19
November 20
submitted by fganniversaries to FGC [link] [comments]

2022.01.08 23:21 Shark2H20 Connection between violence, oppression and exploitation to animal domestication in Latin America in the 20th Century Part 2

from Animal Oppression and Human Violence: Domesecration, Capitalism, and Global Conflict by David A Nibert
[***note: domesecration = domestication]
Seeking to capitalize on the global demand for “beef” in the late twentieth century, Latin American elites—in the tradition of the nineteenth-century caudillo Juan Manuel de Rosas and other powerful estancieros and with the assistance of international loans and pressure from such corporate investors as International Foods, R. J. Reynolds, and United Brands— redistributed land holdings and open-range woodlands from subsistence farmers, rubber tappers, and Native Americans to the ranchers who sup- plied the export packers. The World Bank projects during the period did “little or nothing” for the landless. This and other U.S.-based financial institutions strongly supported the neoliberal economic ideology and free-trade practices—while opposing public ownership of natural resources and any meaningful land reform. World Bank loans went to mid-sized and large ranchers (many of whom were urban investors) and were used to expand already highly concentrated land holdings. All the while, the World Bank pressured countries to liberalize their trade policies to boost “beef” and cash crops for export. “The cattle fattened on the plains while the people often . . . [had] to struggle for a bare existence in the hills,” and the World Bank “became identified with forces of rural inequality in the countryside.” While other cash crops, including cotton, coffee, sugar, and bananas, led to the displacement of subsistence farmers, “cattle” production was disproportionately responsible for land expropriation and placed much greater pressure on the rural populace— and small farmers resisted having their homes and livelihoods taken away. Robert G. Williams observes:
Ranchers who were having difficulties evicting peasants were able to convince the national security forces that there were communist threats in these areas. The national security forces were able to convince Washington of the same, so the areas of strongest peasant resistance were declared counterinsurgency zones. Local cattle ranchers in this way got free eviction forces, armed and trained at U.S. taxpayer expense. The strategic roads that were built into the trouble areas further enhanced their viability as cattle zones. When peasants fled the gunfire and napalm, the lands they left were turned into cattle ranches. And officers in the national security forces became cattle barons as they shared the booty of war with local ranch- ers, local officials, and peasant collaborators. [Export Agriculture and the Crisis in Central America]
Ranchers and other landowners in Latin America—with the help of the police and paramilitary groups—forced or frightened many into leaving the land. Many facing displacement in Latin America “did not accept slow death through starvation as inevitable but struggled against the ranchers at every step of the way.” For example, the journalists Sue Branford and Oriel Glock note that, while some people faced with displacement in Brazil succumbed to violence and intimidation, others contested such treatment.
Many of the families, brought up in the isolated and perhaps sur- prisingly peaceful serta (hinterland), have been traumatized by the repression they have received from the landowners and the police and have been frightened into leaving. Other families . . . have decided to stand up to the landowners and fight for their plots, even if this means facing up to repression on a daily basis.[The Last Frontier: Fighting Over Land in the Amazon]
In addition to such violent conflict, the overall effects of U.S. and Latin American government support of expanding “beef” production have been devastating. In the 1960s, exports of “beef,” or “red gold,” became a leading source of foreign exchange, and ranchers continued to seek to expand land holdings. Ownership of land became increasingly concentrated among wealthy ranching families. Much of the new land taken for ranching was expropriated from small farming families, including indigenous communities, who eventually tried to organize to resist violence by ranchers and the military that supported them. The forced evictions of subsistence cultivators created growing levels of rural land-lessness and large populations of unemployed. While many migrated to urban areas, others moved into rainforests to try to develop land for their crops. The growing problem of displacement of farm families was compounded by the practice of ranchers of buying up land once used to produce cotton, coffee, and other labor-intensive cash crops. Labor requirements for ranching were small compared to other productive activities, and the increasing numbers of unemployed served to suppress wages for the remaining jobs in both rural and urban areas. Thus, the effect of U.S.-promoted ranching operations in Central America beginning in the early 1960s “was to provoke a rural tidal wave,” and ranching and “beef” production “became the basis for the region’s wholly unsustainable form of development.”
As hunger, deprivation, and resentment increased, the rural landless and growing urban proletariat tried to organize, but they faced oppression on a shocking scale. To facilitate capitalist expansion, extract cheap “beef” and other commodities, and tie the Latin American nations more securely into the global economy, the United States helped install and protect repressive governments. It backed covert operations, provided weapons and military advisors, and trained select Latin American soldiers in “counterinsurgency warfare” at U.S. military schools, including the notorious School of the Americas at Fort Benning, Georgia. The tactics taught were effective and shameful.
In the 1950s, with the rapid growth of the U.S. “fast-food” industry, Nicaraguan “beef” exports grew rapidly. Campesinos (subsistence cultivators) resisted as farms and forests were converted to pasture, but protest movements were repressed brutally by the U.S.-backed Nicaraguan National Guard. “As a result, landlessness soared in rural Nicaragua, and Managua began to swell with immigrants from the countryside.” Many rural residents were forcibly relocated to areas in the rainforest where, after land they had cleared for cultivation was taken by ranchers, they had to press deeper into the forest. In the Nicaraguan region of Matagalpa, after subsistence cultivators organized to resist land expropriation, President Somoza declared the area a “counterinsurgency zone.”
The ranchers of eastern Matagalpa must have been pleased with the designation of the area as a counterinsurgency zone. The roads and bridges built for strategic purposes could support cattle trucks as well as tanks, and the guard units could be relied on to remove the intransigent “rebel sympathizers” from the areas that had been cleared for corn. Furthermore, the local ranchers did not have to pay for the services rendered. Both the roads and the expense of the eviction force were financed by the Nicaraguan government, with a portion of the tab paid for by U.S. taxpayers.
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Local magistrates, guard officers, and peasant informants for the guard also appreciated the designation of the area as a counterinsurgency zone, for at last they had an opportunity to become land-owners and ranchers themselves. The land was quickly vacated of corn producers as the “Communist guerrilla sympathizers” were rounded up, tortured and shot. Many voluntarily fled the area to avoid reprisals at the hands of the guard. [Export Agriculture and the Crisis in Central America]
Between 1960 and 1979, the production of cows for food in Nicaragua increased by 300 percent, and cow flesh for export by 550 percent; Nicaragua became the region’s leading “beef” supplier to the United States. By the time of the Sandinista Revolution (named after the 1920s-era revolutionary Augusto Cesar Sandino) in 1979, the ruling Somoza family owned six “beef”-importing facilities in Miami and slaughterhouses in Nicaragua. One of the Sandinista government’s first actions was to initiate land reform; ten thousand square kilometers were redistributed to landless, subsistence-farming families in the form of cooperatives. Mean- while, the Reagan administration began illegally funding a military force to destabilize and undermine the new government. The CIA hired mercenaries (the contras) to wage a campaign of murder and mayhem on the people of Nicaragua and embarked on a program of national destabilization to undermine the Sandinistas—a program that left 45,000 people dead or wounded. A U.S.-friendly leader resumed control in 1990.
In Honduras, subsistence-farming families who resisted evictions were subjected to terrorism and violence. Murders by ranchers were common in the 1960s and early 1970s, and several massacres became public. For instance, in 1975, on a large ranch called Los Horcones, five people were shot by men in military uniforms, five people were burned to death in a bread oven, two priests were castrated and mutilated, and two women were thrown into a well that was then dynamited. All the victims were connected to a movement organized by subsistence farmers. The regional “cattlemen’s” association even raised funds to pay for the assassination of a Catholic bishop who supported the farmers.
In El Salvador, the post–World War II expansion of cotton and sugar production for export displaced subsistence cultivators, many of whom in turn sought employment in export production, only to lose their jobs to increased mechanization. Landless families from El Salvador crossed into Honduras in search of land to farm. When the rural migrants from El Salvador joined Honduran farmers in resisting rancher encroachments, the ranchers looked for an opportunity to expel the Salvadorans. The chance came in 1969, when a brawl broke out at a World Cup soccer match played by the national teams of the two countries, leaving many Honduran spectators hurt. The Honduran ranching association represented the conflict as a scene of nationalist fervor in opposition to the immigrants and convinced the government to forcibly expel one hundred thousand Salvadoran migrants from the country. The government of El Salvador retaliated by invading Honduras, precipitating three months of warfare and leaving thousands dead on both sides. Tens of thousands became refugees in both countries; the initial tragedy in El Salvador was compounded by a decision of Honduras to refuse to accept any Salvadoran migrants. Honduras, Nicaragua, and Costa Rica all closed their borders to products from El Salvador—creating more forced layoffs there and exacerbating unemployment and deprivation. Then, in the early 1970s, the U.S. Department of Agriculture approved the development of several “packinghouses” in El Salvador for the export of “meat” to the United States, and ranching operations there began to expand. “Estimates of landlessness rose from 29 percent of rural house-holds in 1971, before El Salvador entered the beef trade, to 41 percent of rural households by 1975.” By 1978, “beef” exports were as important as coffee and cotton, and rural landlessness climbed to 65 percent by 1980.
Subsistence cultivators, the urban poor, low-wage workers, and teachers’ unions in El Salvador all organized for land reform, higher wages, and better living conditions and pressed for change through political elections. But, “as the poor were organizing for social change, the Salvadoran oligarchy was organizing for repression.” Attacks on leaders of the reform movement occurred in the early 1970s; in 1972, Salvadorian elites stole a national election, and the military government purged university professors and staff believed to be supporters of the reform movement. When mass demonstrations were organized, the military opened fire on them. However, protests continued to occur, and increasing numbers of rural families were evicted to make room for expanding cotton plantations and ranches. Grassroots militias rose up against the El Salvadoran military and the landed oligarchy, leading to a bloody civil war beginning in 1980. The Catholic Church was supportive of the peoples’ resistance, and Archbishop Óscar Romero publicly called on the U.S. government to stop military aid to the government and urged rank-and-file El Salvadoran soldiers not to follow orders to kill subsistence farmers and other civilians. One month later, on March 24, 1980, soldiers assassinated Archbishop Romero while he performed mass. In a classified memo, the U.S. ambas- sador to El Salvador under the Carter administration, Robert White, observed:
The major, immediate threat to the existence of this government is the right-wing violence. In the city of San Salvador, the hired thugs of the extreme right, some of them well-trained Cuban and Nicaraguan terrorists, kill moderate-left leaders and blow up government buildings. In the countryside, elements of the security forces torture and kill the campesinos, shoot up their houses and burn their crops. At least two hundred refugees, from the countryside, arrive daily in the capital city. This campaign of terror is radicalizing the rural ar- eas, just as surely as Somoza’s National Guard did in Nicaragua. Unfortunately, the command structure of the army and the security forces either tolerates or encourages this activity. These senior officers believe, or pretend to believe, that they are eliminating the guerillas. [Preliminary Assessment of the Situation in El Salvador,” classified memo prepared for the U.S. State Department (March 19, 1980)
When Ronald Reagan took office in 1981, White was replaced by a new U.S. ambassador to El Salvador. With U.S. support of the landed oligarchy and military, the civil war raged in El Salvador for twelve years, resulting in some 75,000 deaths.
In Guatemala, armed resistance to the expansion of ranching and the expropriation of land also emerged in the 1960s. When ranchers had difficulty evicting subsistence cultivators in the northeast of the country, officials in Washington approved the designation of the region as a counterinsurgency zone. Death squads terrorized the rural populace, and U.S. Special Forces teams provided support for attacks on villages believed to be sympathetic to the resistance. The U.S. Air Force trained Guatemalan soldiers to use U.S.-supplied helicopter gunships, fighter jets, and bombers for dropping napalm. Between 1966 and 1968, some six to eight thousand people were killed, subsistence farmers were evicted, and ranchers expanded their pastures. One notable figure involved in crushing the resistance movement in Guatemala was rewarded in much the same way as Hernando Cortés was more than four hundred years earlier for similarly brutal tactics: “Aided by U.S. counterinsurgency advisers, Colonel Carlos Arana Osorio crushed the rebellion, in the process earning the epithet ‘Butcher of Zacapa.’ Arana was given a large cattle ranch by the government as a reward for his brutal counterinsurgency campaign and went on to become president of Guatemala. Indigenous peoples in Guatemala, who initially shunned armed resistance to land expropriation, took up arms when six hundred women, children, and men from a region seeking to legally establish a land claim were massacred in Panzós in 1978.
By the end of the 70s, the entire country was engulfed in a reign of state terrorism that continued into the present decade [the 1990s]. According to the British Parliamentary Group on Human Rights, the death toll after military rule has climbed to over 100,000 killed and 38 thousand disappeared; another million were internal refugees. . . . Although all sectors of the society have suffered from the terror, the majority of the victims have been peasants. [Brockett, Land, Power, and Poverty]
It eventually was estimated that Guatemalan security forces largely were responsible for the killing of 160,000 people and the disappearance of another forty thousand. Meanwhile, net “beef” exports from Guatemala increased nearly twentyfold in twenty years, from 1,420 tons in 1960 to 24,950 tons in 1980.
In South America, powerful ranchers and repressive governments continued to be allied in the second half of the twentieth century. Ranching practices were particularly oppressive in Brazil, where the U.S. government used both economic and military power to bring about policies and leadership that were amenable to U.S. transnationals. Jack Nelson writes: “American foreign aid to Brazil was drastically cut between 1962 and 1964 during the liberal presidency of Joao Goulart. Goulart was committed to policies unfavorable to powerful domestic and foreign groups, including agrarian reform.” In response, the Brazilian military—working closely with the U.S. embassy—overthrew President Goulart and then “proceeded to install and maintain for two decades one of the most brutal dictators in all of South America,” Castello Branco. Branco, born into a wealthy ranching family, bankrolled his government in part by loans from the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund, and numerous transnational corporations. Under Branco’s government, ranching expanded in Brazil and moved deeper into areas of the Amazon rainforest. Hungry for more pasture, ranchers encroached on lands inhabited by indigenous peoples and thousands of rubber tappers and their families. Chico Mendes, an internationally recognized leader of the rubber tappers union and a champion for conservation of the rainforests, wrote:
The landowners say we are holding back progress and harming the country’s economy. They say rubber is not important to the econ- omy and the future lies with cattle raising. . . . It is the deforestation carried out by the big landowners to open up pasture for their cattle that is threatening the forest. . . . The landowners use all the land at their disposal. They bribe the authorities. . . . The other tactic landowners use, and it’s a very effective one, is to use hired guns to intimidate us. Our movement’s leaders, not just myself, but quite a few others as well, have been put on the death list of the UDR’s assassination squads.
As he foresaw, Chico Mendes was assassinated in 1988 by a member of a Brazilian “cattle” ranchers association. “An Amnesty International report revealed that there were more than a thousand land-related murders in rural Brazil in the 1980s, and fewer than ten convictions.”
In Mexico, violence associated with the ranching of domesecrated animals, initiated by the conquistadors, plagued the country well before the Alliance for Progress in the 1960s. In the state of Veracruz, for example, subsistence farmers organized a union in 1915 after land expropriations by large ranches. Ranchers responded with an organization of their own, and “bloody battles took place.”Subsistence farmers became the targets of assassins throughout Veracruz. With government approval, ranchers and other large landowners started hiring gunmen, referred to as “White Guards,” to repress resistance. In some areas, subsistence farm families were pushed by ranchers to forested areas, which were less than ideal for crop cultivation and required considerable effort to clear.
Cattle ranchers rarely paid for the transformation of forest to pasture because the immigrant subsistence farmer conducted the first phase of the expansion. . . . Powerful ranchers were the landowners, and authorized subsistence farmers to cut areas of their forests to plant corn, as long as farmers agreed to plant grass among the maize, a plant also in the grass family. After the first year, this area was then used as pasture and was never left fallow again.
With increasing demand for “beef” in the United States, investment in ranching in Mexico nearly quadrupled between 1950 and 1960, and by 1970 “almost 70 percent of all agricultural land in the nation was dedicated to livestock.” In the late 1950s, U.S. agribusiness companies pro- moted the use of hybrid sorghum seeds for the production of feed in Mexico, and in the 1960s the Mexican government established price supports for sorghum, encouraging its production over maize and wheat for human consumption.
In southern Mexico, “ranching in the tropics was explicitly linked to the need to dominate, populate and conquer territory” and to the effort to integrate the region into the world economy. Loans from the World Bank and related institutions, coupled with enormous tax breaks for ranching, substantially increased the numbers of domesecrated cows. In the state of Chiapas alone, the number of cows grew by 260 percent between 1950 and 1970. As resistance emerged and people made concerted efforts to retake the land in organized resettlements, ranchers countered with violence and oppression. Opposition leaders frequently were assassinated by private security forces, and scores of resisters were murdered. When the numbers of those in revolt were too large for ranchers’ private security forces to control, the Mexican army was called in. The January 1, 1994, Zapatista uprising in Chiapas largely was motivated by such land disputes. Many of the participants were residents of the Lacandón rain forest. By 1981, one-third of the Lacandón forest had been razed, and “80 percent of the cleared area was dedicated to cattle pasture.” The Zapatista movement arose “as a self defense group to defend against the ranchers’ hired gunmen, who try to take their land and maltreat them.” In a prepared statement, the Zapatistas asserted, “Land is for the Indians and peasants who work it, not for large landlords. We demand that the copious lands in the hands of ranchers, foreign and national landlords, and other non-peasants be turned over to our communities, which totally lack land.” [George A. Collier with Elizabeth Lowery Quaratiello, Basta! Land and the Zapatista Rebellion in Chiapas ] Hundreds died in battles with the Mexican army before the resisters could position themselves in the Lacandón forest and began a nonviolent campaign for justice and a democratic global economy.
Many of the people adversely affected by ranching violence, especially in Guatemala and Chiapas, were ethnic Mayans, and native peoples in Central and South America in the twentieth century continued to suffer disproportionately from growing levels of “beef” production. Ranchers continuously expropriated Native American lands, and the government-sponsored construction of roads facilitated the sale and export of “beef” and feed crops to affluent countries. In Brazil, many ranchers and “cattle” companies resented indigenous people and their claims on the land, and some “sprayed with grass seed the patches of ground that the Indians had planted with food crops.” At an assembly of the leaders of indigenous societies in 1975, one representative stated, “We are all suffering from the same massacre. The civilized people invade, kill our children. We have no support. . . . People let cattle loose all over the land of the Indians.”
Seeing the destruction of their homelands and faced with violence and privation, many indigenous women refused to have children. Journalists Sue Branford and Oriel Glock described the stark condition of one indigenous society in Brazil:
By the early 1970s, the Nambikwara in this region [of Brazil] seemed to be heading towards rapid extinction. They were left with just a few strips of untouched forest and even became dependent on the cattle ranches for their food. Their number fell rapidly as they succumbed to measles, flu, tuberculosis, pneumonia and malaria, which spread to the area after the forest clearances. They suffered from chronic dysentery because the water they drank was polluted with cattle dung. Their lands were occasionally sprayed with the defoliant Tordon 155, a form of Agent Orange. After visiting the area in 1973, Bo Akerren, a Swedish doctor attached to the international commission of the Red Cross, said: “The condition of these Indians is a disgrace not only for Brazil, but for mankind as a whole.”
In 1980, another group of indigenous people in Brazil, the Gorotire, launched an attack in response to an invasion of their land. But, as a local rancher told a U.S. journalist: “The USA solved the problem with its army. They killed a lot of Indians. Today everything is quiet there and the country is respected throughout the world.”
The violent displacement of rural people not only freed up land for use by the global animal-industrial complex but also benefitted manufacturers and transnational corporations seeking cheap labor. Patricia Ballard writes:
The term which Latin Americans use to characterize the process of livestock expansion—ganaderización—connotes a process of taking over, of total domination. It succinctly expresses the massive changes in land use that occur as livestock and pasture encroach upon areas settled by farmers who till the soil and upon “virgin” forested land. . . . The spread of cattle ranching not only effectuated major changes in land use: it affected the process of capital accumulation as a whole, especially as a principal force in the creation of a relative overabundance of labor, a “relative surplus population.” . . . The impoverishment of the rural masses became the impoverishment of the urban masses, which translated into below-subsistence wage rates for the proletariat.[“From Banana Republic to Cattle Republic: Agrarian Roots of the Crisis in Honduras”]
As in other areas of the world, displacement caused by land expropriation and the violent and often ruthless repression of reformers and resistance movements have been particularly hard on the women of Latin America. They disproportionately experience deprivation, brutality, and exploitation and have long faced terrible victimization at the hands of the military and paramilitary groups, including torture and sexual assault. For example, in 1976 women in rural areas of Brazil were tortured in efforts to obtain information on the whereabouts of men resisting displacement:
Sixty-five-year-old Dona Margarid Saa had had needles inserted under her nails and into her arms, breasts and legs. For good measure the fugitive man’s wife, Santana, had also been tortured, though it must have been clear to the policemen, as it was to us when we talked to her a few days later, that she did not know where her husband was. As a gratuitous act of violence, perhaps giving vent to their frustration, the police had burnt down Santana’s house while she was detained. [Branford and Glock, The Last Frontier]
Women who must seek employment because of displacement from the land often continue to be victimized, especially in Central American and Caribbean “free-trade zones”—manifestations of the neoliberal-directed global economy. Viewed by multinational corporations and their contractors as docile and possessing manual dexterity, young, childless women are used for unskilled work that pays low wages. The international women’s organization MADRE reports:
For thousands of women, the workplace itself is a site of abuse. In fact, the sector most emblematic of Latin America’s role in the global economy is also the most notorious for the abuse of women. Export manufacturing sweatshops, or maquilas, hire mainly women who are paid less, work longer and are subjected to worse conditions than men. Many of these women are migrants who have left behind social networks that could provide protection from violence. Documented examples of violence against women in maquilas include humiliation, sexual harassment and intimidation, sexual assaults and beatings, strip searches, forced pregnancy tests, termination of pregnant workers and violence against union organizers.
Campesinas in rural areas also struggle to provide for their impoverished families by working for agribusinesses in the production of fruits and vegetables. Large fruit companies often prefer women employees because “they are submissive when reproached; they will accept any salary and type of work under whatever conditions.” Philip McMichael observes that supervisors “intimidate women workers through displays of anger or physical force, accompanied by threats of firing.” Tom Barry also notes: “Women help keep down the cost of labor and food through their unpaid work. From an early age they work tirelessly—helping with the farming, tending the dwelling, going to the market, gathering firewood, rearing children, and preparing food. By their thirties, peasant women are often old and worn.”
In their struggle to support their families, some Latin American women eventually turn to prostitution, while others are forced into it more directly. Many young women and girls are lured by traffickers into sexual bondage, brought to Latin American cities with promises of jobs and then forced into the sex trade. Noting that this problem is greatly exacerbated by rural displacement and migration, the International Human Rights Law Institute observes that deception with false promises of employment to women and adolescents is the most common tactic used by traffickers. The possibility of recovery from this form of oppression is significantly reduced by the probability that these oppressed women will contract HIV/AIDS.
Latin American cities expanded greatly from rural migrations, increasing the numbers of people experiencing deprivation and exploitation there. In 1950, only 25 percent of the population of Latin America lived in urban areas. By the 1980s, that number grew to 40 percent; the number of landless campesinos more than tripled over the period. And by 2007, 77 percent of the residents of Latin America and the Caribbean were living in urban areas. Funding for social services was sparse in part because of, ironically, downturns in the ranching economy. After so much effort to create ranching and slaughterhouse enterprises in the region, with so much attendant suffering and destruction, U.S. ranchers successfully lobbied to limit competition through “voluntary quotas” on imports of Latin American “beef.” The quotas, coupled with wide fluctuations in the global “beef” market, made the enterprises in Latin America only marginally profitable and contributed to the accumulation of enormous debt in the region. In 1998, the combined long-term debt of Latin America and Caribbean nations was $537.6 billion. The International Monetary Fund presented Latin American countries with debt restructuring programs requiring the implementation of structural adjustment programs that cut government expenditures for health care, education, and other public services while pushing privatization and other neoliberal-friendly policies. Already limited social, education, and medical services became even more difficult to obtain.
The U.S.-led global economic policies of promoting “meat” production and consumption not only have spelled disaster for millions of humans in Latin America but also have meant that enormous and growing numbers of cows and other domesecrated animals face increasingly intensified violence and oppression. The greater use of land for the production of cows and other domesecrated animals has led to the death or displacement of countless free-living animals, especially in the tropical forests where their homelands rapidly are being destroyed in favor of pastures and feed-crop estates. The fate of free-living animals in the forest rarely is considered, except perhaps when the threat of actual extinction of an entire species causes alarm, at least in some quarters. Countless numbers of animals, such as tapirs, red uakari monkeys, marmosets, sloths, anacondas, toucans, and parrots, have been displaced or killed. Other animals, including howler monkeys, anteaters, white-lipped peccaries, nine-banded armadillos, the aguti, the coyote, the grey fox, the tepescuintle, the puma, and the white-tailed deer, as well as large birds such as the ornate hawk-eagle, the scarlet macaw, the yellow-headed parrot, and the great curassow, largely have been eliminated. Jaguars, long hunted and killed for recreation, for their skins, and by ranchers who see them as threats to profits, are now endangered.
Moreover, with greater human incursions into tropical regions many free-living animals are captured for the lucrative trade in exotic “pets” and “zoo” animals; thousands of captives do not survive the trauma of capture or the torturous process of confinement and transport. The widespread killing of free-living beings in the forests because of the priorities of the capitalist export economy in the twentieth century—like the other resultant harms—have been only distant “externalities” for the global animal-industrial complex.
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2021.12.13 17:12 fganniversaries Fighting Game Anniversaries: Week 50 (December 13 - December 19)

Hey yall this is fganniversaries again. Just like last week, I will be recapping anniversaries relating to fighting game announcements/releases this week. If I missed one, do please let me know in the comments. Here would be the following anniversaries:
December 13
December 14
December 15
December 16
December 17
December 18
December 19
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2021.12.13 17:12 fganniversaries Fighting Game Anniversaries: Week 50 (December 13 - December 19)

Hey yall this is fganniversaries again. Just like last week, I will be recapping anniversaries relating to fighting game announcements/releases this week. If I missed one, do please let me know in the comments. Here would be the following anniversaries:
December 13
December 14
December 15
December 16
December 17
December 18
December 19
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2021.12.13 17:09 fganniversaries Fighting Game Anniversaries: Week 50 (December 13 - December 19)

Hey yall this is fganniversaries again. Just like last week, I will be recapping anniversaries relating to fighting game announcements/releases this week. If I missed one, do please let me know in the comments. Here would be the following anniversaries:
December 13
December 14
December 15
December 16
December 17
December 18
December 19
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2021.08.17 16:45 SeaLionFacts When A Branford Biotech Meets A Injured, Rescued Bird-Of-Prey - Patch.com

When A Branford Biotech Meets A Injured, Rescued Bird-Of-Prey - Patch.com submitted by SeaLionFacts to SeaLionFacts [link] [comments]

2020.09.23 22:13 brinnells CT Pumpkin Beers

Hey all - girlfriend is a big fan of pumpkin beers and we have been visiting our local breweries for their version. Google wasn't giving me much help on what CT breweries offer this seasonal, so was hoping you all could let me know if there is a local spot near you that has this on tap. We love to travel across the state and use it as a way to check out new areas (so no limitations on location).
​
So far this season we have tried the following:
​
Half Full (Stamford) - Pumpkin Ale
Two Roads (Stratford) - Roadsmary's Baby
Veracious (Monroe) - Jack'd Up Imperial Pumpkin
Shebeen (Walcott) - Pumpkin Spice Cannoli
Revelrie (Newtown) - Pumpkin Fest
​
And updated to keep a running list:
​
Lock City (Stamford) - Lock-O-Lantern
Firefly Hollow (Bethel) - Pumpkin Creamer
Thimble Island (Branford) - Dark Pumpkin Porter
Stony Creek (Branford) - Crum [Apple Cinnamon Oatmeal Amber]
Thomas Hooker (Bloomfield) - Foederfest [Marzen]
Back East (Bloomfield) - Octoberfest [Marzen]
Labyrinth (Manchester) - Pumpkin Spice Latte Stout - TBD
City Steam (Hartford) - Pagano Pumpkin Patch - TBD
​
Thanks in advance for your insight!
submitted by brinnells to ctbeer [link] [comments]

2019.10.31 02:57 SheCalledMePaul What's Happening in CT 10/31 - 10/20-11/3

Not gonna fix the title, too lazy lol, sorry though! -------

Thursday, October 31st:

Friday, November 1st:

Saturday, November 2nd:

Sunday, November 3rd:

See a newly released movie like:

​
Here's a much larger list of more things to do this weekend!
submitted by SheCalledMePaul to Connecticut [link] [comments]

2019.06.13 18:07 justaweenie What’s Going On In CT? 6/13-6/16

Parish Carnival at St. Louis Church in West Haven, June 12-16
Beacon Hose Fireman’s Carnival at Beacon Hose Co. 1 in Beacon Falls, June 13-16
Mystic River Jam at Mystic Shipyard, June 13-15
Goshen Stampede at the Goshen Fairgrounds, June 14-16
Branford Festival on the Branford Green, June 14–16
Hartford Rib Off at Riverside Park in Hartford, June 14 & 15
Rose Weekend at Elizabeth Park in Hartford, June 15 & 16
Summer Outdoor Festival on the Essex Town Green, June 15 & 16
Connecticut BBQ Festival at Bethlehem Fairgrounds, June 15th, 12-6 pm
South Windsor Strawberry Festival & Craft Fair at Nevers Park in South Windsor, June 15th, 9 am - 5 pm
Strawberry Festival at Lyman Orchards in Middlefield, June 15th, 9 am - 4 pm
Bloomfield Strawberry Festival at Bloomfield United Methodists Church, June 15th, 12-7 pm
Brews by the Lake at Quassy Amusement Park in Middlebury, June 15th, 1-4 pm
Middletown Pride Festival on South Green in Middletown, June 15th, 2 pm
Pride in the Park at Ballard Park in Ridgefield, June 15th, 12-3 pm
Pride in the Hills at Spring Hills Vineyard in Washington Depot, June 15th, 6-10 pm
Festival of India at Bushnell Park in Hartford, June 15th, 12-6 pm
Pizza in the Park at Great Lawn at Mill River Park in Stamford, June 15th, 2-9 pm
Night Out on Main Street on Main Street in Watertown, June 15th, 6-9 pm
Klingberg Vintage Motorcar Series at Slade Middle School in New Britain, June 15th, 9 am - 2 pm
Monroe Strawberry Festival on the Monroe Town Green, June 16th, 12 pm
Father’s Day Car Show at Mathews Park in Norwalk, June 16th, 10 am - 3 pm
Bug-a-Fair at Terryville Fairgrounds, June 16th, 9 am - 3 pm
submitted by justaweenie to Connecticut [link] [comments]

2019.02.21 21:04 KingGregree King Gregree - UNFORGETTABLE - Lyrics

King Gregree - UNFORGETTABLE - Lyrics
From: "EASTER SONDAY [chapter 1] - Released 5/21/11
https://preview.redd.it/se7ywsgu9zh21.jpg?width=600&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=37a20fde82d358952fa40da00ce584ed4f734324
I aint conceited I motherfuckin believe it And it’s so convenient How anything I choose to have, all of existence bends over backwards to make sure that I motherfuckin receive it and you know what I say every time? I say hellz yeah thanks to my dream team on the other side you’re making this out to be one hell of a breezy ride and I take pride in the fact that it still makes me fuckin shudder with giddiness cause infinity is one generous motherfucker especially when you sing Her Her favorite song which is anything by Gregree I guess that’s why She motherfuckin favors me cause even my sneeze makes Lady Luck instantly cream tween the knees yeah pack that Lady Liberty, that special green THC encrusted heavenly weed I must have a hit or three or better yet times infinity but only one hit sets you free and takes you right to it no need for the pursuit of happiness just pass that grass makes my soul dance and prance like Branford Marsalis solos entranced entwined with Jerry G silvery super strands string Angelic Owl of the Ages forever flapping the ageless wings wrapping my gifted mind with the pages Of the Record Akashic every cranny and nook of the Helping Phriendly Book took its secrets and cemented and plastered and patched it with the Eye of the One no not my mushroom tip you filthy minded bastard buggers nothing I do is all for naught, I’m only naught when you put it after the jugger and if you want to lyrically fight you can say you fought and lost to the motherfuckin slugger yeah I’m Babe Ruthing with my ruthless truth intrusion, bruising your ego my flow is nuts and so sweet I call it baby ruth fly like a moth and you’re just a rocky road sloth and my lyrical muscle makes you little goonies run for the hills you little pussy poonies Now do the truffle shuffle and get to making room for Gregree yeah I’m the truth of divinity, I’m the best MC that’s ever motherfuckin been I’m best that’ll ever be And you could be like me, access your divinity or don’t and just be a little pea in the mental control pod of the hypnotic illuminati I’m illumination, I’m the illest motherfucker from any motherfuckin constellation I’m the best even when I’m procrastinating I’m elated that my triumph is finally here, if you ask me, a bit belated I’m the creator but I was created by the creator who was created by… you wouldn’t understand until you’ve elevated much higher and if you act like the tool, I’ll give your foolish ass the pliers if you defy this relentless lyrical dentist there’s no known defenses for my smooth never brittle drill ill with the diamond tip rhymes that leaves you feelin like your ivories were tickled like Art Tatum played ‘em I’m not playing I got dough mold existence like clay I’m never money-less got a money press and with every billion I get I’m a billion times more blessed I’m never distressed why would I be? I’d have to be out my brain to be scared of the video game I was taught the realest magic delivered telepathically to my brain by an Angel of alien origin Seraphim serenade rapture rhapsody in red Russian lullaby once said “Cats under the stars sends a signal to Mars which refract and plugged it coded treasure trove in to one hundred and sixteen other stars” but what the fuck does that have to do with you and me? But I intercepted the message of the show down of High Noon and how I needed to send my love in the afternoon and spit my rhymes, the vaccine for these times which are not that bad off except for a little cough which is the greedy and seedy hypnotic droner designed to drain you down to the bone, for what? I don’t care what they say but it’s not in your best interest I guess that’s why you’ve been blessed by my lyrical rescue God damn this just might be the realest flow ever I mean by anyone anywhere I’m powerful beyond measure so throw out your gauges, I’m a lyrical sage spicing up the page with my rhymes like parsley rosemary and thyme every time, I’m the best, feel the zest of my citrusy rind my bad bitch is irresistibly fine if you saw her in person you would immediately jerk off until you went blind \*
submitted by KingGregree to u/KingGregree [link] [comments]

2018.09.18 23:28 justaweenie What’s Going On In CT? 9/17-9/23

Hey everyone,
Just wanted to say I appreciate all the positive comments & appreciation you guys leave in these posts! I don’t usually respond but I see them all, so thank you to everyone! I’m glad you enjoy this as much as I enjoy making it!
Mum Festival at Memorial Boulevard Field in Bristol, September 20-23
Norwalk Boat Show at Norwalk Cove Marina, September 20-23
Greek Cultural Fair at St. Basil Greek Orthodox Church in New Haven, September 20-23
Third Thursday Street Festival in downtown Willimantic, September 20th, 6-9 pm
Guilford Fair at the Guilford Fairgrounds, September 21-23
Greater Danbury Irish Festival at the Portuguese Cultural Center in Danbury, September 21-23
Greenwich Wine & Food Festival at Roger Sherman Baldwin Park in Greenwich, September 21 & 22
Milford Oktoberfest at Rotary Pavilion at Fowler Field in Milford, September 21 & 22
Brewfest at the Beach at Ocean Beach Park in New London, September 21st, 6-9 pm
Wizards Weekend at the Connecticut Renaissance Faire at the Lebanon Country Fairgrounds, September 22 & 23
The Gathering at Library Park in Waterbury, September 22nd, 11 am - 7 pm
90s Bar Crawl in downtown Hartford, September 22nd, 3-10 pm
Firefighters Beer Festival at Waterville Firehouse in Waterbury, September 22nd, 12-4 pm
Oktoberfest at Piedmont Club in Darien, September 22nd, 5-8 pm
Youthtopia at Veterans Memorial Park in Griswold, September 22nd, 11 am - 5 pm
Branford Shoreline Harvest Art & Cool Jazz Festival on the Branford Town Green, September 22nd, 9:30 am - 3:30 pm
Car Show at Middletown Elks, September 22nd, 4 pm
Classic & Muscle Car Show at the East End Yacht Club in Bridgeport, September 22nd, 10 am - 3 pm
Forest to Shore Day at Roosevelt Forest and Short Beach in Stratford, September 22nd, 9 am - 4 pm
Redding Grange Community Fair at Redding Grange, September 22nd, 10 am - 2 pm
Vendor Fair & Apple Festival at Lordship Community Church in Stratford, September 22nd, 9 am - 3 pm
Cornfest on Broad Street Green in Wethersfield, September 22nd, 10 am - 5 pm
Oktoberfest at Connecticut Valley Brewing Company in South Windsor, September 22nd, 12-9 pm
New Britain Downtown District Car Show on Main Street in New Britain, September 22nd, 9 am - 3 pm
Positively Pomfret Day at Town Recreation Park in Pomfret, September 22nd, 10 am - 4 pm
Heritage Day in downtown East Windsor, September 22nd, 3-9 pm
Giant Flea Market at Brodie Park in New Hartford, September 22nd, 8 am - 3 pm
Celebrating Agriculture at Woodstock Fairgrounds, September 22nd, 9 am - 3 pm
Seymour Pumpkin Festival at French Memorial Park in Seymour, September 23rd, 10 am - 5 pm
Downtown Oktoberfest at Broken Symmetry Gastro Brewery in Bethel, September 23rd, 12-6 pm
Classic Car Show at Cabela’s in East Hartford, September 23rd, 9 am - 2 pm
Simsbury Fly-in, Car Show, and Food Truck Festival at Simsbury Airport, September 23rd, 8 am - 5 pm
By Land & By Sea Antique Car Show at Mystic Seaport Museum, September 23rd, 9 am - 4 pm
Bark in the Park at Latham Park in Stamford, September 23rd, 11 am - 3 pm
submitted by justaweenie to Connecticut [link] [comments]

2018.09.13 22:05 justaweenie What’s Going On In CT? 9/10-9/16

Pride New Haven in downtown New Haven, September 9-16
Four Town Fair at Four Town Fairgrounds in Somers, September 13-16
Jazz, Funk & Blues Weekend in Ridgefield, September 13-16
Berlin Fair at the Berlin Fairgrounds, September 14-16
Newtown Arts Festival at Fairfield Hills in Newtown, September 14-16
Connecticut Firefighters Food Truck Festival in Avon, September 14-16
Harvest Moon Festival on the Naugatuck Green, September 14 & 15
Cheshire Fall Festival at Bartlem Park in Cheshire, September 14 & 15
Milford Irish Festival at Fowler Field Pavillion in Milford, September 14 & 15
Orange Country Fair at the Orange Fairgrounds, September 15 & 16
Garlic Festival at Olde Mystick Village in Mystic, September 15 & 16
CT Renaissance Faire Fantasy & Romance Weekend at the Lebanon Country Fairgrounds, September 15 & 16
Simsbury Women’s Club Arts & Crafts Festival at Iron Horse Boulevard in Simsbury Center, September 15 & 16
Arts & Crafts on Bedford on Bedford Street in Stamford, September 15 & 16
Fall Festival & Hawk Watch at Audubon Greenwich, September 15 & 16
CT HorrorFest at Danbury Ice Arena, September 15th, 11 am - 7 pm
Watertown Fall Festival at Veterans Memorial Park in Watertown, September 15th, 10 am - 7 pm
Fall Festival at Elmwood Plaza in West Hartford, September 15th, 11 am - 2 pm
Ninety Nine Bottles Wine Festival at Oyster Shell Park in Norwalk, September 15th, 4-7 pm
Weantinoge Fall Celebration at Smyrski Farm in New Milford, September 15th, 8 am - 2 pm
Healthy Living Festival at Dodd Stadium in Norwich, September 15th, 10 am - 2 pm
Raspberry Festival at White Silo Farm & Winery in Sherman, September 15th, 12-5 pm
ChiliFest at East Shore Park in New Haven, September 15th, 11 am - 4 pm
Ok2berfestat Two Roads Brewing in Stratford, September 15th, 12 pm
Small State Great Beer Festival at Constitution Plaza in Hartford, September 15th, 1-9:30 pm
Westonstock at the Coley Barn Field in Weston, September 15th, 2-8 pm
Celebrate Mansfield Festival in downtown Storrs, September 16th, 12-4 pm
New Hartford Day at Brodie Park in New Hartford, September 16th, 10 am - 4 pm
Wishes on Wheels Truck Convoy at Rentschler Field in East Hartford, September 16th, 9 am - 4 pm
Old Fashioned Flea Market at Lockwood Mathews Mansion Museum in Norwalk, September 16th, 10 am - 5 pm
Trumbull Arts Festival on Town Hall Green in Trumbull, September 16th, 10 am - 4 pm
Beer & Oysters on the Sound at Lighthouse Point Park in New Haven, September 16th, 4-7 pm
Car Show at Foote Memorial Park in Branford, September 16th, 11 am - 3 pm
submitted by justaweenie to Connecticut [link] [comments]

2018.08.02 18:32 justaweenie What’s Going On In CT? 7/30-8/5

Thomaston Fireman’s Annual Carnival & Parade at Sanford Avenue Field in Thomaston, August 1-4
Orange Volunteer Fireman’s Carnival at the Orange Fairgrounds, August 2-5
North Branford Potato & Corn Festival at Augur Farm in North Branford, August 3-5
Italian Festival at the Pontelandolfo Club in Waterbury, August 3-5
Weekend in Norfolk on Main Street in Norfolk, August 3-5
Yankee Chapter AMCA National Meet at Terryville Fairgrounds, August 3 & 4
First Friday’s: Mill Town Mosaics in downtown Putnam, August 3rd, 6-9 pm
Glastonbury Food Truck Festival at Glastonbury Elks, August 4 & 5
Food Trucks, Craft Fair & Fireworks Extravaganza at Westfield Mall in Meriden, August 4 & 5
SoNo Arts Festival on Washington & North Main Streets in Norwalk, August 4 & 5
Litchfield County 4-H Fair at Goshen Fairgrounds, August 4 & 5
Quilt Show at Connecticut College Student Center in New London, August 4 & 5
Danbury Railways Days at the Danbury Railway Museum, August 4 & 5
Naugatuck Downtown Street Festival on Church Street in Naugatuck, August 4th, 4-8 pm
Taste of the Caribbean & Jerk Festival at Mortensen Riverfront Plaza in Hartford, August 4th, 1-11 pm
Christian Community Collective Gospel Fest at De Gale Field in New Haven, August 4th, 12-9 pm
River Glow at Donahue Park in Pawcatuck, August 4th, 7-10 pm
Kent Sidewalk Festival on Main Street in Kent, August 4th, 10 am - 6 pm
Puerto Rican Festival at Hubbard Park in Meriden, August 5th, 12-8 pm
Walnut Beach Seaside Festival at Walnut Beach Center in Milford, August 5th, 10 am - 5 pm
Chabad of the Shoreline Jewish Festival on the Guilford Green, August 5th, 12-5 pm
Vintage Motorcar Meet at Haddam Neck Fairgrounds in East Hampton, August 5th, 8 am - 3 pm
Naugatuck Street Festival moved to August 5th, 2-10 pm
submitted by justaweenie to Connecticut [link] [comments]

2018.04.18 20:48 alternate-source-bot [Banned] /r/The_Donald/: LA Times: Trump administration abandons crackdown on legal marijuana (x-post from r/MAGAjuana)

I was banned from /The_Donald/. Here's what I would have said in response to this post:
When I first saw this article from Los Angeles Times, its title was:
Trump administration abandons crackdown on legal marijuana
Here are some other articles about this story:
I am a bot trying to encourage a balanced news diet.
These are all of the articles I think are about this story. I do not select or sort articles based on any opinions or perceived biases, and neither I nor my creator advocate for or against any of these sources or articles. It is your responsibility to determine what is factually correct.
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2018.04.15 13:10 alternate-source-bot [Banned] /r/nottheonion/: Is your waiter stoned? Pot use highest among restaurant workers, study finds

I was banned from /nottheonion/. Here's what I would have said in response to this post:
Here are some other articles about this story:
I am a bot trying to encourage a balanced news diet.
These are all of the articles I think are about this story. I do not select or sort articles based on any opinions or perceived biases, and neither I nor my creator advocate for or against any of these sources or articles. It is your responsibility to determine what is factually correct.
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2018.04.15 00:11 alternate-source-bot [Banned] /r/SandersForPresident/: Cynthia Nixon Welcomes the Democratic Establishment’s Hatred in Speech to Progressives

I was banned from /SandersForPresident/. Here's what I would have said in response to this post:
Here are some other articles about this story:
I am a bot trying to encourage a balanced news diet.
These are all of the articles I think are about this story. I do not select or sort articles based on any opinions or perceived biases, and neither I nor my creator advocate for or against any of these sources or articles. It is your responsibility to determine what is factually correct.
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2018.04.14 18:35 alternate-source-bot [Banned] /r/WayOfTheBern/: Cynthia Nixon Welcomes the Democratic Establishment’s Hatred in Speech to Progressives

I was banned from /WayOfTheBern/. Here's what I would have said in response to this post:
Here are some other articles about this story:
I am a bot trying to encourage a balanced news diet.
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2018.04.14 07:44 alternate-source-bot [Banned] /r/Kossacks_for_Sanders/: Cynthia Nixon Welcomes Corporate Dems’ Hatred in Speech to Berniecrats Intercept

I was banned from /Kossacks_for_Sanders/. Here's what I would have said in response to this post:
When I first saw this article from theintercept.com, its title was:
Cynthia Nixon Welcomes the Democratic Establishment’s Hatred in Speech to Progressives
Here are some other articles about this story:
I am a bot trying to encourage a balanced news diet.
These are all of the articles I think are about this story. I do not select or sort articles based on any opinions or perceived biases, and neither I nor my creator advocate for or against any of these sources or articles. It is your responsibility to determine what is factually correct.
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